0. Executive Summary
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Judgment axis

Key judgment

Item IdentityIt is a grain of the genus Hordeum in the family Poaceae, and the representative edible species is Hordeum vulgare L.
Key roleA multi-purpose grain connecting mixed rice, barley tea, sikhye, milling, baking, malt, beer, and even animal feed.
Harvesting principleEdible seeds, malting barley, green fodder, whole plants, and sprouts are separated according to final use, and harvested according to requirements such as maturity, moisture, germination rate, and varietal purity.
Product separationRaw grain, selected grain, hulled barley, hulled barley, polished barley, rolled barley, powder, roasted raw materials, malt, malt extract, and processed products are managed as separate products.
Separation of similar itemsWheat, oats, rye, etc., are separate plant entities. Hulled barley, rice barley, and malting barley within barley are also classified at the product level based on use and processing conditions.
Domestic statistics2026 National barley cultivation area: 37,250 ha , production volume: 135,881 tons (paddy) . Hulled barley: 34,906 tons, rice barley: 71,274 tons, malting barley: 29,701 tons. Based on the National Crop Production Survey by the National Data Center. ( National Data Center )
Supply and demand riskBy 2026, the cultivated area is projected to increase by 47.6% from 25,234 ha in 2025, and production is expected to rise by 47.3%, making the alignment between production expansion and actual recurring demand critical. ( National Data Center )
Operating PrinciplesConnect variety, barley type, use, origin, harvest date, drying, storage, processing, lot, and buyer specifications into a single supply chain data.
Final goalRather than simply expanding production volume, first verify buyer specifications by application and connect producers, local distributors, processing, buyers, RFQs, and repurchases.

The Rural Development Administration explains that barley is classified into types with different uses and characteristics, such as hulled barley, rice barley, and malting barley, noting that hulled barley is used for cooked rice, malt, and barley tea, while two-row barley is used as a raw material for beer. ( Nongsaroo )

According to a 2026 survey by the National Data Bureau, the total cultivated area for barley is 37,250 ha, the yield per 10a is 365 kg, and the production volume is 135,881 tons; production figures are based on rough grain. ( National Data Bureau )

1. Plant Identity & Product Master

Plant Identity

Basic fields

Barley registration standards

Korean namebarley
English nameBarley
Representative scientific nameHordeum vulgare L.
classificationPoaceae · Hordeum
Edible partsMature seeds
Non-edible · Separate managementLeaf, stem, root, hull, green fodder, and whole plant raw materials for animal feed. Barley sprouts are a separate product due to a different harvesting stage.
Major harvesting stagesEdible seed maturity / Mature malting barley seeds / Harvest for green fodder and whole-plant feed / Sprout stage
Basic product formOriginal grain, refined grain, polished grain, barley rice, rolled barley, powder, roasted barley, malt, malt
Basic processing stageHarvesting → Drying → Sorting → Milling/Rolling/Flouring or Germination/Malting → Food Manufacturing
Basic useMixed rice, barley rice, tea, sikhye, confectionery and bakery products, noodles, powder, malt, beer, processed foods, animal feed
Similarity PrincipleWheat, oats, and rye are separate Plant Entities. For hulled barley, rice barley, and malting barley, Product, Variety, and Use Datasets are separated even within the same species.

The Rural Development Administration distinguishes between hulless barley, whose hull easily separates from the grain, and hulled barley, whose hull does not separate easily, and explains that two-row barley is primarily used domestically as an ingredient for beer. ( Rural Development Administration )

Product Master

Product ID

Product type

Key Management Standards

BAR-P01Barley Original SongBarley type · Variety · Origin · Harvest date · Moisture · Foreign matter · Lot
BAR-P02Jeongseon barleyForeign matter, contamination with other grains, damaged grains, variety purity
BAR-P03hulled barleyVariety · Peel Condition · Use · Selection · Storage
BAR-P04rice barleyVariety, milling suitability, mixed rice, processing suitability
BAR-P05Polished barleyDegree of milling, damage, color, moisture, packaging
BAR-P06Rolled barley, thawed barleyPressing, cutting dimensions, uniformity, and cooking suitability
BAR-P07barley powderParticle size, moisture, raw material lot, microorganisms, processing suitability
BAR-P08Roasted barleyRoasting conditions, color, aroma, extraction suitability
BAR-P09Barley for maltGermination ability, variety, raw material safety, germination process
BAR-P10Beer Barley Original SongVariety, Protein, Germination Rate, Uniformity, Moisture, Malt Suitability
BAR-P11maltRaw Material Lot, Germination, Drying, and Malt Quality Standards
BAR-P12Processed food ingredientsSpecifications, Quality, Safety, and Delivery Cycle by Buyer
BAR-P13Cheongye and ChongcheboriHarvesting stage, feed use, moisture, fermentation, livestock linkage
BAR-P14finished productRaw materials · Processing Lot · Labeling · Packaging · Use-by date
2. Product Classification & Use Segmentation

Classification criteria

Subdivision type

Management principles

Plant classificationHordeum vulgareOther Hordeum species are separate Plant Entity
Beer Types · Product GroupsHulled barley, rice barley, malting barleyLink to national statistics and industrial uses, but record up to the variety
Harvesting stageMature seeds, green fodder, whole, sproutsEven within the same cultivation area, if the harvesting stage differs, a separate product
Cultivation methodAutumn sowing, spring sowing, and regional cropping methodsRecord of sowing, overwintering, heading, and harvest history
varietiesVarieties for food, beer, processing, and feedConnecting Buyer's Application and Variety Suitability
Distribution methodsOriginal Song · Selected Song · Processed Song · Rolled BarleySeparate Product ID
Processing formMilling, rolling, milling, roasting, germination, maltingProcess Lot Generation
Final useMixed rice, tea, sikhye, confectionery and baking, beer, food ingredients, animal feedSeparation of RFQs by application
Transaction typeIn-kind · Regular supply · Contract farming · OEM · PBContract and actual unit prices are NDA
originDomestic/ImportedCountry of Origin and Lot Management
Certification and production methodsGeneral, eco-friendly, etc.Registration after actual certificate verification

In the barley technical information section of Nongsaroo, data on hulled barley, rice barley, malting barley, and green barley, as well as major varieties by use and information related to cultivation, pests and diseases, overwintering, and harvesting, are managed as separate categories. ( Nongsaroo )

3. Production, Harvest & Post-harvest

step

Essential Dataset

Management purpose

Cultivation planBarley type · Variety · Use · Area · BuyerProduction-demand alignment
satelliteVariety · Seed Lot · Germination Rate · SupplierBreed Traceability
sowingSowing date, sowing quantity, and plotCrop management
Winter managementGrowth, frost damage, and drainage conditionsWinter risk
Growth managementGrowth stages such as tillering, heading, and ripeningHarvest forecasting
risingTemperature, precipitation, sunshine, disastersWeather Impact Analysis
WateringWatering records if necessaryGrowth management
disputeFertilizer type, timing, and amountQuality and Environmental Management
drainagePackaging drainage conditionResponse to moisture
pestsOccurrence, surveillance, control, and pesticidesQuality and Safety
Harvest judgmentUse, Maturity, Weather, QualityOptimal harvest time
harvestHarvest date, plot, quantityRaw Material Lot Creation
dryMoisture, drying method, and timeStorage stability
JeongseonForeign matter, damaged grains, other varietiesProduct specifications
distanceMilling degree and yieldBarley Product Creation
Rolled barley, thawed barleySpecifications and YieldProduct for cooking and processing
germinationGermination rate, time, temperature, etc.Malt and Malt Process
MaltRaw materials, germination, drying, qualityBrewing ingredients
stir-fryHeat treatment conditions, color, and aromaIngredients for barley tea
MillingParticle size, yield, and foreign matterPowdered raw materials
saveTemperature, humidity, period, warehouseMaintaining quality
packagingPackaging date, specifications, and materialstrading unit
shipmentShipment Date · Buyer · LotDelivery tracking

The Rural Development Administration provides guidance on the importance of managing drainage and sowing time in barley cultivation, and emphasizes the maintenance of drainage ditches to prevent waterlogging damage in spring sowing techniques. ( Rural Development Administration )

Maintain the following Lot inheritance structure at each stage.

4. Quality Specification & Lot Management

Quality items

raw materials

Pre-treated products

processed goods

finished product

Public rating

mountainous districtessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingPublic/Verified
Cultivation methodessentialsuccessionsuccessionIf necessaryMember
varietiesessentialessentialRaw Material Lot ConnectiontrackingMember/Verified
MaekjongHulls, rice, beer, etc.essentialessentialBy productPublic/Member
farmhouseProducer IDsuccessionsuccessiontrackingVerified
LotessentialNew LotNew LotManufacturing LotVerified/NDA
Harvest dayessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingVerified
appearancecheckcheckStandard inspectionProduct inspectionMember
weightrecordrecordrecordMarking standardsNDA
Size and uniformityBy productSelectionBy processThe relevant cityMember
ratingTransaction StandardsTransaction StandardsBuyer specificationsProduct specificationsMember
GerminationImportant for beer and maltnecessaryKey to the Malt ProcessThe relevant cityVerified
Quality indicators such as proteinInspection by UsesuccessionProcessing Aptitude ConnectionIf necessaryVerified/NDA
pestschecksuccessiontrackingtrackingVerified
impairmentcheckSelectionProcess inspectionQuality inspectionVerified
decay and moldcheckExclusion/TesttesttestVerified
alien substancecheckcorecoreCompliance with standardsVerified
pesticide residuesRequired testLinkageRaw Material and Product StandardsCompliance with relevant standardsVerified/NDA
microorganismBy productIf necessaryBy productlegal standardsVerified/NDA
purifyingThe relevant cityrecordsuccessionsuccessionVerified
Processing history-recordessentialessentialVerified/NDA
packagingWon-gok packagingPre-packagingProduct packagingFinal packagingMember
saveessentialessentialessentialProduct ConditionsVerified
refrigeration conditionsOriginal grains are generally stored in a dry condition.By productBy productBy productMember
Expiration dateThe relevant cityBy productBy productDisplay standardsMember
ShipmentrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
ReturnsrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
ClaimrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
RepurchaseBuyer ConnectionBuyer ConnectionBuyer ConnectionBuyer ConnectionNDA

The brewing suitability of malting barley must be assessed separately from that of general table barley, and the Rural Development Administration mentions characteristics such as protein, wort yield, and enzymatic activity regarding the quality of malting barley. ( Nongsaroo )
Lot Master Essential Field

Lot ID · Item/Product Type · Scientific Name or Variety · Barley Species · Cultivation Type · Origin/Cultivation Area · Producer · Cultivation Method · Sowing Date · Harvest Date · Quality Indicators · Weight/Specifications/Grade · Pest/Disease/Appearance Check · Pesticide Use Records · Pesticide Residue/Microbiological Test Reports · Drying/Storage History · Raw Material Lot · Pretreatment/Processing History · Packaging Date · Use-by Date · Shipper · Returns/Claims · Repurchase

5. Korea Market & Demand Structure

Korean production structure

According to the National Data Administration's 2026 official crop production survey, the national barley cultivation area is 37,250 hectares , and the production volume is 135,881 tons (paddy) . Compared to the previous year, the cultivation area increased by 47.6% and the production volume by 47.3%. ( National Data Administration )

division

2026 Cultivation Area

2026 production per 10a

2026 production volume

Official Source

whole barley

37,250ha

365kg/10a

135,881 tons

National Data Agency Crop Production Survey
hulled barley

8,126ha

430kg/10a

34,906 tons

National Data Office
rice barley

20,400ha

349kg/10a

71,274 tons

National Data Office
Beer barley

8,723ha

340kg/10a

29,701 tons

National Data Office

Production volume is based on rough grain . ( National Data Center )

In 2026, barley production by province was ranked as follows: the integrated Jeonnam-Gwangju region at approximately 63,000 tons (46.1% of the total), Jeonbuk at approximately 54,000 tons (39.5%), and Gyeongnam at approximately 8,000 tons (5.5%). ( National Data Center )

Demand structure

Customers

Purchase criteria

Cooperation opportunities

Agricultural Cooperatives and Production Area Distribution OrganizationsBarley type, variety, moisture, grade, quantityJoint sorting and contract farming
Grain milling and processing companiesRaw grain quality, milling yield, and uniformityBarley and Rolled Barley Processing
Barley tea manufacturerHulled barley, roasting characteristics, aroma, colorExclusive product type contract
Sikhye and malt extract companiesGermination rate, variety, safetyContract production for malt
flour millPowder yield, color, and particle sizeBarley flour ingredients
Confectionery and bakery companiesPowder, Blending, Processing SuitabilityFunctional and mixed grain products
Malt manufacturerBeer barley varieties, germination, protein, and uniformityContract malt raw materials
Brewing and beer companiesMalt Specifications, Origin, LotLocal beer · Craft beer
School and public mealsOrigin, Safety, Milling, PackagingSupply of locally produced grains
Dining Out & School MealsCooking Convenience · Standards · Delivery TimeRegular supply
HMR · Meal KitPretreatment, Mixed Grains, PowderExclusive Product
Distribution/OnlineSmall packaging, labeling, and country of originPB products
Local specialty product companiesRegionality, Processability, StoryBarley tea, Sikhye, and confectionery
Feed and LivestockHarvesting stage · Feed value · Fermentation · LogisticsSupply of green barley and whole barley
Research and technology institutionsVariety, processing, and quality dataDemonstration and product development
exportersQuality · Certification · HS · Customs Clearance · PriceExport of raw grains and processed foods

An important point in the current barley market operation is not to judge supply and demand based solely on total barley production volume, but to separate the uses and actual buyers of hulled barley, rice barley, and malting barley .

6. Trade & Supply-chain Intelligence

step

Key variables

Operational judgment

Production in the producing areaBarley type, variety, area, harvest scheduleBuyer demand and pre-planting connection
Contract farming and procurementRequired Specifications, Contract Quantity, and Pricing MethodMinimizing production-demand mismatch
Drying and sortingMoisture, foreign matter, and variety mixingSuitability for storage and processing
Sorting and packagingSpecifications, Country of Origin, LotStandardization of transaction units
Storage and Shipment ControlInventory, Warehouse, Quality, and Shipment PlanningPrevention of overshipment
Milled barley and rolled barleyYield, Damage, Product SpecificationsEdible Product
Germination and maltGermination rate, protein, processMalt Product
Roasting and MillingProcessing suitability, aroma, color, particle sizeTea and powder ingredients
Food manufacturingMixing, Heating, and Product SpecificationsSemi-finished products and finished products
Distribution and supplyDelivery, Logistics, InspectionBuyer SLA
RFQ · RepurchaseSpecifications, Performance, ClaimsRepeat trading

trade

The basic international HS 4-digit product group for barley is HS 1003 (Barley) . In actual trade, the specific tariff code must be reconfirmed with the Korea Customs Service depending on whether it is seed and the processing status of the product.

item

Operating Principles

HS1003 series, check detailed three-digit formula when trading
Import of the original songQuantity, amount, and unit price are based on raw data from the Korea Customs Service.
Import of processed goodsMalt, powder, and processed foods are separated from the raw grain HS.
major countriesRegistration after verification of raw data from the Korea Customs Service by base year
exportManage raw materials and processed products with separate statistics
QuarantineCheck whether raw grains, seeds, etc. are subject to plant quarantine
FTACheck origin rules and agreement tariff rates
certificationCheck requirements by Buyer, Importing Country, and Product
distributionWon-gok focuses on moisture, humidity control, pests, and warehouse management.
Exchange rates and freight ratesRuntime variables when assessing the competitiveness of imported raw materials

2026 Barley Export/Import Volume and Customs Clearance Unit Prices by Importing Country: Entered after verification of detailed HS raw data by the Korea Customs Service

When official figures are not confirmed, Korean production and import volumes are not arbitrarily added together.

7. Processing, By-products & PRP Intelligence

Products and processes

Key conditions

RFQ conversion

Original songBarley type, variety, origin, harvest dateSource Procurement RFQ
SelectedForeign matter, damage, or contaminationFood processing company
Polished barleyMilling degree, yield, and breakageMixed meals and school meals
Rolled barley, thawed barleyStandardization, uniformity, and cooking abilityDining Out · HMR
Roasted barleyRoast level, aroma, color, extractabilityTea and Beverages
powderParticle size, moisture, color, microorganismsConfectionery and Beverages
maltStandards related to germination, drying, and enzyme activitySikhye and traditional foods
Beer Barley Original SongGermination rate, protein, uniformityMalt Manufacturing RFQ
maltGermination, drying, and malt qualitybrewery
semi-finished productsBlending · Process · LotOEM
finished productLabeling, packaging, and expiration datePB · Distribution · Export
chaffAmount generated, contamination, moistureReview of resource utilization
Wheat bran-like milling byproducts and dustSeparation by processReview of feed and material potential
Selected itemsDamage, mold, foreign matterReview of lawful conversion of use
Cheongye and ChongcheboriHarvesting, cutting, and fermentationLivestock RFQ

The potential for utilizing by-products as food, food materials, extracts, fermentations, animal feed, compost, or biomaterials shall be reviewed, but  they shall not be finalized as actual products until safety, legal compliance, and economic feasibility are confirmed.

PRP — Product Research Profile

PRP ID

Product Research Profile

PRP-BAR-01Processing suitability for barley tea and sikhye by hulled barley variety
PRP-BAR-02Milling yield and mixed rice suitability by rice barley variety
PRP-BAR-03Malt suitability by beer barley variety
PRP-BAR-04Relationship between raw grain protein, germination rate, and malt quality
PRP-BAR-05Barley Powder Suitability for Baking by Particle Size and Mixture
PRP-BAR-06Roasting Conditions – Color, Aroma, Extraction Characteristics
PRP-BAR-07Comparison of Buyer Specifications for Domestic Barley and Imported Raw Materials
PRP-BAR-08Possibility of utilizing by-products and reducing waste
PRP-BAR-09Matching Green Forage & Whole-plant Barley Production with Livestock Demand
PRP-BAR-10Local barley PB and brewing contract farming model

PRP is not a general promotion stating that “barley is good for health,” but a Product Research Profile that verifies variety, raw material specifications, processability, product specifications, Buyer requirements, and repurchase potential .

8. AX Transformation

first of all

Execution item

Performance indicators

1Item, barley type, variety, origin, cultivation method, harvest date, and Lot must be mandatoryRequired field input rate
2Separation of Raw Grain, Barley Rice, Rolled Oat, Powder, Malt Extract, and Malt ProductsProduct identification rate
3Linking weather, pests, growth, and harvest dataCultivation Lot Connection Rate
4Datafication of moisture, germination rate, quality, test reports, storage, and processing historyQuality history completion rate
5Farm – Milling/Processing – Malt – Distribution – Buyer RFQ ConnectionRFQ Match Rate
6Production and yield forecastingPrediction error
7Video AI SelectionForeign object and damage detection accuracy
8Pest and disease AI diagnosisPre-inspection – Field verification time
9Smart StorageStorage loss rate
10Processing yield predictionYield variation by Lot for Milling, Flour Milling, and Malt
11Supply and Demand · Price RuntimeProduction–Inventory–Buyer Demand Reflection Rate
12AI MatchEffective Supplier/Buyer Match Rate
13TraceabilityFinished Product → Raw Material Lot Traceability
14Repurchase learningBuyer repurchase rate · Claim recurrence rate

AX's performance is evaluated not by the number of installed sensors, but by the data recording rate, reduction in quality deviation, contract fulfillment rate, processing yield, repurchase rate, and reduction in claims .

9. Industry Problem Bank

Problem group

Problem Definition

Required data

Mixed varietiesTreat hulled barley, rice barley, and malting barley as a single type of barley.Barley varieties, cultivars, and uses
Variety–Use MismatchDiscrepancy between processing site requirements and product varietiesBreed · Buyer Spec
Rapid change in production areaArea expansion/reduction based on price signalsCultivation Area · Price · Contract
Production-Demand MismatchThe possibility that increased production will not lead to repeat purchasesProduction, Inventory, and Buyer Demand
Weather riskChanges in rainfall, sunshine, overwintering, and ripeningWeather and growth
Waterlogging and drainageDrainage problems during sowing, overwintering, and growth processesSoil, Precipitation, Drainage
pestsDisconnection between surveillance/control and LotPests, Diseases, Chemicals, Lot
Quality deviationDifferences in moisture, uniformity, and varietal purityQuality inspection
Harvest season concentrationConcentration of shipments in the short termScheduled harvest · Warehouse
Delayed dryingHigh moisture leads to storage and quality problemsMoisture and dryness
Storage lossMold, pests, and quality degradationTemperature, humidity, and inspection
Mixing of varietiesMixing of varieties and barley during storage and transportationWarehouse · Lot
Variation in milling yieldDifference in product yield based on original songInput and Output
Malt suitability variationDiscrepancy between beer barley production and actual brewing specificationsGermination rate, protein, and malt test
Discontinuity of raw material-processing historyOrigin cannot be traced back from the finished productParent–Child Lot
Dispersion of test reportsInspection data separated by farm and processing companyCOA·Lot
Failure to fulfill contract farmingDifferences in quantity, specifications, and delivery timeContract/Delivery
Competition in imported raw materialsCompetition in terms of price, quality, and stabilityTrade, Price, Standards
Market price fluctuationssignificant impact on production decision-makingFarmgate prices and inventory
Repurchase not reflectedBuyer evaluation not reflected in next cultivation planReviews · Claims · Repurchase

Official statistics showing that the barley cultivation area expanded by 47.6% and production increased by 47.3% in 2026 compared to the previous year demonstrate that the connection between actual demand, inventory, contracts, and processing capacity following the production expansion is a key Problem Bank item. ( National Data Center )

10. Farmer RFQ & Collaboration Model

RFQ Type

Public Registration

Verify/NDA

Procurement of raw materials from the sourceBarley variety, region, harvest seasonFarm · Quantity · Unit Price · Lot
saleVariety, Product Type, RegionStock, Price, Delivery Time
purchaseRequired Beef Type · Product · UseTarget Price · MOQ
Regular supplyProduct Type · CycleActual volume and unit price
contract farmingBarley type, variety, region, useArea, Contract Volume, Price
Barley supplySpecifications and milling typeYield · Unit Price · Lot
Rolled barley supplyProduct specificationsProcessing Conditions · MOQ
Powder supplyParticle size and usesTest Report/Unit Price
maltGeneral specifications and usesGermination · Process · Lot
Beer barleyVariety/OriginGermination ability, protein, contract
maltProduct specificationsProcess, Test Data, Price
Dining Out & School MealsProducts and RegionsDelivery time, physical quantity, price
HMR · Meal KitApplicationsFormulation/Sample
OEM·PBProduct conceptMOQ · Recipe · Contract
local specialtiesRegion/Product TypeManufacturer/Contract
exportProduct/Target CountryHS · Price · Certification
Cheongye·ChongcheFeed Type · RegionVolume, Quality, and Transportation
Technology demonstrationEmpirical topicsFacility and test data
Research cooperationResearch topicTest conditions · Confidential materials

RFQ Operation Runtime:

RFQ Registration → Supplier Verification → AI Match → Sample → Inspection → Negotiation → Contract → Production/Securing → Lot → Delivery → Inspection → Performance Evaluation → Repurchase

11. RFQ Request First

① Need Products & Materials

Companies and institutions seeking necessary products, agricultural products, raw materials, and processed goods register purchasing demands. Registered requests are utilized to review cooperation with potential suppliers and producers based on the RFQ Intelligence Library.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Supplier/Product Review → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Matching

Register


② We are looking for production and manufacturing partners. (Need Suppliers & Manufacturers)

Register a request to find necessary production and supply partners, ranging from farms and producer organizations to processing companies, OEM, ODM, and Private Label manufacturers.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Review of Production & Manufacturing Capabilities → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Partner Matching

Register


③ We are looking for domestic and international buyers. (Need Buyers)

Farmers, producer organizations, and manufacturing companies are requesting cooperation with new buyers, such as domestic and international distributors, importers, brand companies, and food service and catering businesses.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Product & Supply Capability Review → Market & Buyer Connection → Future AI Buyer Matching

Register

Contact : mail@markethub.org

Version History

Version

Main contents

situation

v1.0Plant Identity · 2026 Official Production Statistics · Product · Production · Processing · RFQ Basic Structure Registrationcomplete
v1.1Additional verification of raw data on production, price, supply and demand, and import/export by regionexpected
v2.0Subdivision of product forms, processing, and quality standards by hulled barley, rice barley, and malting barleyexpected
v3.0Producer – Milling/Flouring/Malt – Distribution – Buyer Verified Container Combinationexpected